Date & Time functions
All 25 functions in this category
TODAYTODAY returns the current date as a date value, automatically updating each time the spreadsheet opens or recalculates.NOWReturns the current date and time as a timestamp value that updates automatically each time the spreadsheet recalculates.DATEDATE returns a date serial number from year, month, and day arguments, enabling date construction from separate numeric components.TIMETIME converts hours, minutes, and seconds into a decimal time value between 0 and 1, representing a time on a 24-hour clock.DATEVALUEDATEVALUE converts text strings representing dates into serial numbers Excel and Sheets recognize, enabling date calculations and sorting.TIMEVALUEConverts time text into a decimal number enabling calculations with warehouse receipt times, shipping schedules, and processing timestamps.YEARYEAR extracts the four-digit year component from a date serial number, returning an integer representing the calendar year, such as 2024 or 2025.MONTHReturns the month (1–12) from any date; use it to organize timesheet entries, identify due dates by month, or detect multi-month tasks.DAYDAY extracts the day of the month (1-31) from a date serial number, useful for filtering tickets and grouping records by calendar day.HOURHOUR extracts the hour component from a time value, returning a number between 0 and 23 representing the hour of the day.MINUTEMINUTE extracts the minute component (0-59) from a time value, returning an integer representing the minutes elapsed in the current hour.SECONDSECOND extracts the seconds component from a time value or timestamp, returning an integer from 0 to 59 for precise time-based analysis.WEEKDAYWEEKDAY returns the day of the week (1–7) for a given date, with customizable numbering systems (Sunday=1, Monday=1, or ISO 8601).WEEKNUMWEEKNUM returns the week number (1–53) of a date within the calendar year, useful for identifying items expiring in the same week.ISOWEEKNUMReturns the ISO 8601 week number (1–53) for a date, where week 1 starts on Monday and contains at least four days in the calendar year.EOMONTHReturns the date of the last day of the month that is a specified number of months before or after a given start date.EDATEReturns a date that is a specified number of months before or after a start date, making it easy to calculate contract expirations and probation deadlines.DATEDIFReturns the number of time units (days, months, years) between two dates, useful for calculating durations, aging, or time-to-deadline.DAYSDAYS returns the number of calendar days between two dates, with positive or negative result depending on date order.DAYS360Returns the number of days between two dates using a 360-day year where each month equals 30 days, commonly used in financial calculations.NETWORKDAYSNETWORKDAYS counts working days between two dates, excluding weekends and optional holidays—essential for project scheduling and availability planning.NETWORKDAYS.INTLNETWORKDAYS.INTL returns the count of working days between two dates, excluding weekends (customizable) and optional holidays.WORKDAYReturns a date that is a specified number of working days before or after a start date, excluding weekends and optional holidays.WORKDAY.INTLReturns the date of a working day that is a specified number of days before or after a start date, excluding weekends and optional holidays.YEARFRACYEARFRAC returns the fraction of a year between two dates, useful for annualizing rates and calculating year-based time periods.